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Oracle® VM VirtualBox®

User Manual

Oracle and/or its affiliates

Copyright © 2004-2022 Oracle and/or its affiliates

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Table of Contents

Preface

1. First Steps

1.1. Why is Virtualization Useful?

1.2. Some Terminology

1.3. Features Overview

1.4. Supported Host Operating Systems

1.4.1. Host CPU Requirements

1.5. Installing Oracle VM VirtualBox and Extension Packs

1.6. Starting Oracle VM VirtualBox

1.7. VirtualBox Manager

1.7.1. The Machine List

1.7.2. The Details Pane

1.7.3. VirtualBox Manager Tools

1.7.4. Help Viewer

1.7.5. About VirtualBox Manager Wizards

1.8. Creating Your First Virtual Machine

1.8.1. Create Virtual Machine Wizard: Name and Operating System

1.8.2. (Optional) Create Virtual Machine Wizard: Unattended Guest OS Install

1.8.3. Create Virtual Machine Wizard: Hardware

1.8.4. Create Virtual Machine Wizard: Virtual Hard Disk

1.8.5. Create Virtual Machine Wizard: Summary

1.8.6. Some Examples of Unattended Installation

1.9. Running Your Virtual Machine

1.9.1. Starting a New VM for the First Time

1.9.2. Capturing and Releasing Keyboard and Mouse

1.9.3. Typing Special Characters

1.9.4. Changing Removable Media

1.9.5. Resizing the Machine’s Window

1.9.6. Saving the State of the Machine

1.10. Using VM Groups

1.11. Snapshots

1.11.1. Taking, Restoring, and Deleting Snapshots

1.11.2. Snapshot Contents

1.12. Virtual Machine Configuration

1.13. Removing and Moving Virtual Machines

1.14. Cloning Virtual Machines

1.15. Importing and Exporting Virtual Machines

1.15.1. About the OVF Format

1.15.2. Importing an Appliance in OVF Format

1.15.3. Exporting an Appliance in OVF Format

1.16. Integrating with Oracle Cloud Infrastructure

1.16.1. Preparing for Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Integration

1.16.2. Creating an API Signing Key Pair

1.16.3. Uploading the Public Key to Oracle Cloud Infrastructure

1.16.4. Creating a Cloud Profile

1.16.5. Using the Cloud Profile Manager

1.16.6. Using Oracle VM VirtualBox With Oracle Cloud Infrastructure

1.16.7. Using Cloud Virtual Machines

1.16.8. Exporting an Appliance to Oracle Cloud Infrastructure

1.16.9. Importing an Instance from Oracle Cloud Infrastructure

1.16.10. Using a Cloud Network

1.16.11. Using VBoxManage Commands With Oracle Cloud Infrastructure

1.17. Preferences

1.18. Alternative Front-Ends

1.19. Soft Keyboard

1.19.1. Using the Soft Keyboard

1.19.2. Creating a Custom Keyboard Layout

1.20. Monitoring of Virtual Machines

1.20.1. VM Activity Overview

1.20.2. Session Information Dialog

1.21. The Log Viewer

2. Installation Details

2.1. Installing on Windows Hosts

2.1.1. Prerequisites

2.1.2. Performing the Installation

2.1.3. Uninstallation

2.1.4. Unattended Installation

2.1.5. Public Properties

2.2. Installing on macOS Hosts

2.2.1. Performing the Installation

2.2.2. Uninstallation

2.2.3. Unattended Installation

2.3. Installing on Linux Hosts

2.3.1. Prerequisites

2.3.2. The Oracle VM VirtualBox Kernel Modules

2.3.3. Performing the Installation

2.3.4. The vboxusers Group

2.3.5. Starting Oracle VM VirtualBox on Linux

2.4. Installing on Oracle Solaris Hosts

2.4.1. Performing the Installation

2.4.2. The vboxuser Group

2.4.3. Starting Oracle VM VirtualBox on Oracle Solaris

2.4.4. Uninstallation

2.4.5. Unattended Installation

2.4.6. Configuring a Zone for Running Oracle VM VirtualBox

2.5. Installing an Extension Pack

2.5.1. The Extension Pack Manager

3. Configuring Virtual Machines

3.1. Supported Guest Operating Systems

3.1.1. Mac OS X Guests

3.1.2. 64-bit Guests

3.2. Unattended Guest Installation

3.2.1. Using VBoxManage Commands for Unattended Guest Installation

3.3. Emulated Hardware

3.4. General Settings

3.4.1. Basic Tab

3.4.2. Advanced Tab

3.4.3. Description Tab

3.4.4. Disk Encryption Tab

3.5. System Settings

3.5.1. Motherboard Tab

3.5.2. Processor Tab

3.5.3. Acceleration Tab

3.6. Display Settings

3.6.1. Screen Tab

3.6.2. Remote Display Tab

3.6.3. Recording Tab

3.7. Storage Settings

3.8. Audio Settings

3.9. Network Settings

3.10. Serial Ports

3.11. USB Support

3.11.1. USB Settings

3.11.2. Implementation Notes for Windows and Linux Hosts

3.12. Shared Folders

3.13. User Interface

3.14. Alternative Firmware (EFI)

3.14.1. Video Modes in EFI

3.14.2. Specifying Boot Arguments

4. Guest Additions

4.1. Introduction to Guest Additions

4.2. Installing and Maintaining Guest Additions

4.2.1. Guest Additions for Windows

4.2.2. Guest Additions for Linux

4.2.3. Guest Additions for Oracle Solaris

4.2.4. Guest Additions for OS/2

4.3. Shared Folders

4.3.1. Manual Mounting

4.3.2. Automatic Mounting

4.4. Drag and Drop

4.4.1. Supported Formats

4.4.2. Known Limitations

4.5. Hardware-Accelerated Graphics

4.5.1. Hardware 3D Acceleration (OpenGL and Direct3D 8/9)

4.5.2. Hardware 2D Video Acceleration for Windows Guests

4.6. Seamless Windows

4.7. Guest Properties

4.7.1. Using Guest Properties to Wait on VM Events

4.8. Guest Control File Manager

4.8.1. Using the Guest Control File Manager

4.9. Guest Control of Applications

4.10. Memory Overcommitment

4.10.1. Memory Ballooning

4.10.2. Page Fusion

4.11. Controlling Virtual Monitor Topology

4.11.1. X11/Wayland Desktop Environments

5. Virtual Storage

5.1. Hard Disk Controllers

5.2. Disk Image Files (VDI, VMDK, VHD, HDD)

5.3. The Virtual Media Manager

5.3.1. Creating a Virtual Hard Disk Image

5.3.2. Creating a Virtual Optical Disk Image

5.3.3. Creating a Virtual Floppy Disk Image

5.4. Special Image Write Modes

5.5. Differencing Images

5.6. Cloning Disk Images

5.7. Host Input/Output Caching

5.8. Limiting Bandwidth for Disk Images

5.9. CD/DVD Support

5.10. iSCSI Servers

5.11. vboximg-mount: A Utility for FUSE Mounting a Virtual Disk Image

5.11.1. Viewing Detailed Information About a Virtual Disk Image

5.11.2. Mounting a Virtual Disk Image

6. Virtual Networking

6.1. Virtual Networking Hardware

6.2. Introduction to Networking Modes

6.3. Network Address Translation (NAT)

6.3.1. Configuring Port Forwarding with NAT

6.3.2. PXE Booting with NAT

6.3.3. NAT Limitations

6.4. Network Address Translation Service

6.5. Bridged Networking

6.6. Internal Networking

6.7. Host-Only Networking

6.8. UDP Tunnel Networking

6.9. VDE Networking

6.10. Cloud Networks

6.11. Network Manager

6.11.1. Host-Only Networks Tab

6.11.2. NAT Networks Tab

6.11.3. Cloud Networks Tab

6.12. Limiting Bandwidth for Network Input/Output

6.13. Improving Network Performance

7. Remote Virtual Machines

7.1. Remote Display (VRDP Support)

7.1.1. Common Third-Party RDP Viewers

7.1.2. VBoxHeadless, the Remote Desktop Server

7.1.3. Step by Step: Creating a Virtual Machine on a Headless Server

7.1.4. Remote USB

7.1.5. RDP Authentication

7.1.6. RDP Encryption

7.1.7. Multiple Connections to the VRDP Server

7.1.8. Multiple Remote Monitors

7.1.9. VRDP Video Redirection

7.1.10. VRDP Customization

7.2. Teleporting

7.3. VBoxHeadless

8. VBoxManage

8.1. Introduction

8.2. Commands Overview

8.3. General Options

8.4. VBoxManage

8.5. VBoxManage list

8.6. VBoxManage showvminfo

8.7. VBoxManage registervm

8.8. VBoxManage unregistervm

8.9. VBoxManage createvm

8.10. VBoxManage modifyvm

8.11. VBoxManage clonevm

8.12. VBoxManage movevm

8.13. VBoxManage encryptvm

8.14. VBoxManage cloud

8.15. VBoxManage cloudprofile

8.16. VBoxManage import

8.17. VBoxManage export

8.18. VBoxManage signova

8.19. VBoxManage startvm

8.20. VBoxManage controlvm

8.21. VBoxManage unattended

8.22. VBoxManage discardstate

8.23. VBoxManage adoptstate

8.24. VBoxManage snapshot

8.25. VBoxManage closemedium

8.26. VBoxManage storageattach

8.27. VBoxManage storagectl

8.28. VBoxManage bandwidthctl

8.29. VBoxManage showmediuminfo

8.30. VBoxManage createmedium

8.31. VBoxManage modifymedium

8.32. VBoxManage clonemedium

8.33. VBoxManage mediumproperty

8.34. VBoxManage encryptmedium

8.35. VBoxManage checkmediumpwd

8.36. VBoxManage convertfromraw

8.37. VBoxManage mediumio

8.38. VBoxManage setextradata

8.39. VBoxManage getextradata

8.40. VBoxManage setproperty

8.41. VBoxManage usbfilter

8.42. VBoxManage sharedfolder

8.43. VBoxManage guestproperty

8.44. VBoxManage guestcontrol

8.45. VBoxManage debugvm

8.46. VBoxManage metrics

8.47. VBoxManage natnetwork

8.48. VBoxManage hostonlyif

8.49. VBoxManage hostonlynet

8.50. VBoxManage dhcpserver

8.51. VBoxManage usbdevsource

8.52. VBoxManage extpack

8.53. VBoxManage updatecheck

8.54. VBoxManage modifynvram

8.55. vboximg-mount

9. Advanced Topics

9.1. Automated Guest Logins

9.1.1. Automated Windows Guest Logins

9.1.2. Automated Linux and UNIX Guest Logins

9.2. Advanced Configuration for Windows Guests

9.2.1. Automated Windows System Preparation

9.3. Advanced Configuration for Linux and Oracle Solaris Guests

9.3.1. Manual Setup of Selected Guest Services on Linux

9.3.2. Guest Graphics and Mouse Driver Setup in Depth

9.4. CPU Hot-Plugging

9.5. Webcam Passthrough

9.5.1. Using a Host Webcam in the Guest

9.5.2. Windows Hosts

9.5.3. macOS Hosts

9.5.4. Linux and Oracle Solaris Hosts

9.6. Advanced Display Configuration

9.6.1. Custom VESA Resolutions

9.6.2. Configuring the Maximum Resolution of Guests When Using the Graphical Frontend

9.7. Advanced Storage Configuration

9.7.1. Using a Raw Host Hard Disk From a Guest

9.7.2. Configuring the Hard Disk Vendor Product Data (VPD)

9.7.3. Access iSCSI Targets Using Internal Networking

9.8. Fine Tuning the Oracle VM VirtualBox NAT Engine

9.8.1. Configuring the Address of a NAT Network Interface

9.8.2. Configuring the Boot Server (Next Server) of a NAT Network Interface

9.8.3. Tuning TCP/IP Buffers for NAT

9.8.4. Binding NAT Sockets to a Specific Interface

9.8.5. Enabling DNS Proxy in NAT Mode

9.8.6. Using the Host’s Resolver as a DNS Proxy in NAT Mode

9.8.7. Configuring Aliasing of the NAT Engine

9.9. Configuring the BIOS DMI Information

9.10. Configuring Custom ACPI Tables

9.11. Fine Tuning Timers and Time Synchronization

9.11.1. Configuring the Guest Time Stamp Counter (TSC) to Reflect Guest Execution

9.11.2. Accelerate or Slow Down the Guest Clock

9.11.3. Tuning the Guest Additions Time Synchronization Parameters

9.11.4. Disabling the Guest Additions Time Synchronization

9.12. Installing the Alternate Bridged Networking Driver on Oracle Solaris 11 Hosts

9.13. Oracle VM VirtualBox VNIC Templates for VLANs on Oracle Solaris 11 Hosts

9.14. Configuring Multiple Host-Only Network Interfaces on Oracle Solaris Hosts

9.15. Configuring the Oracle VM VirtualBox CoreDumper on Oracle Solaris Hosts

9.16. Oracle VM VirtualBox and Oracle Solaris Kernel Zones

9.17. Locking Down VirtualBox Manager

9.17.1. Customizing VirtualBox Manager

9.17.2. VM Selector Customization

9.17.3. Configure VM Selector Menu Entries

9.17.4. Configure VM Window Menu Entries

9.17.5. Configure VM Window Status Bar Entries

9.17.6. Configure VM Window Visual Modes

9.17.7. Host Key Customization

9.17.8. Action when Terminating the VM

9.17.9. Default Action when Terminating the VM

9.17.10. Action for Handling a Guru Meditation

9.17.11. Configuring Automatic Mouse Capturing

9.17.12. Requesting Legacy Full-Screen Mode

9.17.13. Removing Certain Modes of Networking From the GUI

9.18. Starting the Oracle VM VirtualBox Web Service Automatically

9.18.1. Linux: Starting the Web Service With init

9.18.2. Oracle Solaris: Starting the Web Service With SMF

9.18.3. macOS: Starting the Web Service With launchd

9.19. Oracle VM VirtualBox Watchdog

9.19.1. Memory Ballooning Control

9.19.2. Host Isolation Detection

9.19.3. More Information

9.19.4. Linux: Starting the Watchdog Service With init

9.19.5. Oracle Solaris: Starting the Watchdog Service With SMF

9.20. Other Extension Packs

9.21. Starting Virtual Machines During System Boot

9.21.1. Linux: Starting the Autostart Service With init

9.21.2. Oracle Solaris: Starting the Autostart Service With SMF

9.21.3. macOS: Starting the Autostart Service With launchd

9.21.4. Windows: Starting the Autostart Service

9.22. Encryption of VMs

9.22.1. Limitations of VM Encryption

9.22.2. Encrypting a VM

9.22.3. Opening the Encrypted VM

9.22.4. Decrypting Encrypted VMs

9.23. Oracle VM VirtualBox Expert Storage Management

9.24. Handling of Host Power Management Events

9.25. Passing Through SSE4.1/SSE4.2 Instructions

9.26. Support for Keyboard Indicator Synchronization

9.27. Capturing USB Traffic for Selected Devices

9.28. Configuring the Heartbeat Service

9.29. Encryption of Disk Images

9.29.1. Limitations of Disk Encryption

9.29.2. Encrypting Disk Images

9.29.3. Starting a VM with Encrypted Images

9.29.4. Decrypting Encrypted Images

9.30. Paravirtualized Debugging

9.30.1. Hyper-V Debug Options

9.31. PC Speaker Passthrough

9.32. Accessing USB devices Exposed Over the Network with USB/IP

9.32.1. Setting up USB/IP Support on a Linux System

9.32.2. Security Considerations

9.33. Using Hyper-V with Oracle VM VirtualBox

9.34. Nested Virtualization

9.35. VBoxSVC running in Windows Session 0

9.35.1. Known Issues

9.36. VISO file format / RTIsoMaker

10. Technical Background

10.1. Where Oracle VM VirtualBox Stores its Files

10.1.1. The Machine Folder

10.1.2. Global Settings

10.1.3. Summary of Configuration Data Locations

10.1.4. Oracle VM VirtualBox XML Files

10.2. Oracle VM VirtualBox Executables and Components

10.3. Hardware Virtualization

10.4. Details About Hardware Virtualization

10.5. Paravirtualization Providers

10.6. Nested Paging and VPIDs

11. Oracle VM VirtualBox Programming Interfaces

12. Troubleshooting

12.1. Procedures and Tools

12.1.1. Categorizing and Isolating Problems

12.1.2. Collecting Debugging Information

12.1.3. Using the VBoxBugReport Command to Collect Debug Information Automatically

12.1.4. The Built-In VM Debugger

12.1.5. VM Core Format

12.2. General Troubleshooting

12.2.1. Guest Shows IDE/SATA Errors for File-Based Images on Slow Host File System

12.2.2. Responding to Guest IDE/SATA Flush Requests

12.2.3. Performance Variation with Frequency Boosting

12.2.4. Frequency Scaling Effect on CPU Usage

12.2.5. Inaccurate Windows CPU Usage Reporting

12.2.6. Poor Performance Caused by Host Power Management

12.2.7. GUI: 2D Video Acceleration Option is Grayed Out

12.3. Windows Guests

12.3.1. No USB 3.0 Support in Windows 7 Guests

12.3.2. Windows Bluescreens After Changing VM Configuration

12.3.3. Windows 0x101 Bluescreens with SMP Enabled (IPI Timeout)

12.3.4. Windows 2000 Installation Failures

12.3.5. How to Record Bluescreen Information from Windows Guests

12.3.6. No Networking in Windows Vista Guests

12.3.7. Windows Guests may Cause a High CPU Load

12.3.8. Long Delays When Accessing Shared Folders

12.3.9. USB Tablet Coordinates Wrong in Windows 98 Guests

12.3.10. Windows Guests are Removed From an Active Directory Domain After Restoring a Snapshot

12.3.11. Windows 3.x Limited to 64 MB RAM

12.4. Linux and X11 Guests

12.4.1. Linux Guests May Cause a High CPU load

12.4.2. Buggy Linux 2.6 Kernel Versions

12.4.3. Shared Clipboard, Auto-Resizing, and Seamless Desktop in X11 Guests

12.5. Oracle Solaris Guests

12.5.1. Certain Oracle Solaris 10 Releases May Take a Long Time to Boot with SMP

12.6. Windows Hosts

12.6.1. VBoxSVC Out-of-Process COM Server Issues

12.6.2. CD and DVD Changes Not Recognized

12.6.3. Sluggish Response When Using Microsoft RDP Client

12.6.4. Running an iSCSI Initiator and Target on a Single System

12.6.5. Bridged Networking Adapters Missing

12.6.6. Host-Only Networking Adapters Cannot be Created

12.7. Linux Hosts

12.7.1. Linux Kernel Module Refuses to Load

12.7.2. Linux Host CD/DVD or Floppy Disk Drive Not Found

12.7.3. Strange Guest IDE Error Messages When Writing to CD or DVD

12.7.4. VBoxSVC IPC Issues

12.7.5. USB Not Working

12.7.6. PAX/grsec Kernels

12.7.7. Linux Kernel vmalloc Pool Exhausted

12.8. Oracle Solaris Hosts

12.8.1. Cannot Start VM, Not Enough Contiguous Memory

13. Security Guide

13.1. General Security Principles

13.2. Secure Installation and Configuration

13.2.1. Installation Overview

13.2.2. Post Installation Configuration

13.3. Security Features

13.3.1. The Security Model

13.3.2. Secure Configuration of Virtual Machines

13.3.3. Configuring and Using Authentication

13.3.4. Potentially Insecure Operations

13.3.5. Encryption

13.4. Security Recommendations

13.4.1. CVE-2018-3646

13.4.2. CVE-2018-12126, CVE-2018-12127, CVE-2018-12130, CVE-2019-11091

14. Known Limitations

14.1. Experimental Features

14.2. Known Issues

15. Change Log

15.1. Version 7.0.2 (2022-10-20)

15.2. Version 7.0.0 (2022-10-10)

15.3. Change Logs for Legacy Versions

A. Third-Party Materials and Licenses

A.1. Third-Party Materials

A.2. Third-Party Licenses

A.2.1. GNU General Public License (GPL)

A.2.2. GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL)

A.2.3. Mozilla Public License (MPL)

A.2.4. MIT License

A.2.5. X Consortium License (X11) (variant 1)

A.2.6. X Consortium License (X11) (variant 2)

A.2.7. zlib License

A.2.8. Apache License v2

A.2.9. OpenSSL License

A.2.10. Slirp License

A.2.11. liblzf License

A.2.12. libpng License

A.2.13. lwIP License

A.2.14. libxml License

A.2.15. gSOAP Public License Version 1.3a

A.2.16. curl License

A.2.17. libgd License

A.2.18. BSD License from Intel

A.2.19. IJG (Independent JPEG Group) License

A.2.20. libjpeg-turbo Modified (3-clause) BSD License

A.2.21. FreeBSD License

A.2.22. NetBSD License

A.2.23. VPX License

A.2.24. Vorbis License

A.2.25. curl License

A.2.26. DocBook XML DTD License

A.2.27. DocBook XSL Stylesheets License

A.2.28. Intel ACPI Component Architecture (ACPICA) License

A.2.29. Khronos License

A.2.30. SGI Free Software License B

A.2.31. Boost Software License

A.2.32. Default Mesa 3D Graphics Library License

A.2.33. Microsoft Software License

A.2.34. Python License

A.2.35. License for Berkeley SoftFloat Release 3e

A.2.36. BSD 3-Clause License for Glslang

A.2.37. BSD 2-Clause License for Glslang

A.2.38. GNU General Public License (GPL) License with Bison Exception for Glslang

A.2.39. WiX Toolset License

A.2.40. XFree86 License (variant 1)

A.2.41. XFree86 License (variant 2)

A.2.42. Cereal License

A.2.43. Keith Packard License

A.2.44. X Direct Rendering Infrastructure (DRI) 2 Extension License

A.2.45. Network Computing Devices and DEC License

A.2.46. MIT Open Group Variant License

A.2.47. Digital Equipment Corporation License (variant 1)

A.2.48. Digital Equipment Corporation License (variant 2)

A.2.49. Digital Equipment Corporation License (variant 3)

A.2.50. Digital Equipment Corporation and QuarterDeck Office Systems License

A.2.51. Hewlett-Packard License (variant 1)

A.2.52. Hewlett-Packard License (variant 2)

A.2.53. Hewlett-Packard License (variant 3)

A.2.54. Hewlett-Packard License (variant 4)

A.2.55. Silicon Graphics License

A.2.56. X Resize and Rotate Extension (RandR) License

A.2.57. SuSE License

A.2.58. Network Computing Devices (NCD) License (variant 1)

A.2.59. Network Computing Devices (NCD) License (variant 2)

A.2.60. Network Computing Devices (NCD) License (variant 3)

A.2.61. Digital Equipment Corporation and Olivetti Research Limited License

A.2.62. X Consortium, DEC, Intergraph, Silicon Graphics, and Hewlett-Packard License

A.2.63. Sun Microsystems License

A.2.64. X libpciaccess Library License

A.2.65. X libxshmfence License

A.2.66. X xf86-input-mouse driver License

A.2.67. Kazutaka YOKOTA License

A.2.68. Conectiva License

A.2.69. Red Hat and SuSE License

A.2.70. Red Hat License

A.2.71. X Consortium and Red Hat License

A.2.72. Precision Insight License

A.2.73. VA Linux and IBM License

A.2.74. IBM License

A.2.75. Metro Link License (variant 1)

A.2.76. Metro Link License (variant 2)

A.2.77. Metro Link License (variant 3)

A.2.78. NVIDIA License

A.2.79. Vrije Universiteit License

A.2.80. Concurrent Computer Corporation License

A.2.81. Nokia License

A.2.82. Adobe License

A.2.83. University of California License (variant 1)

A.2.84. University of California License (variant 2)

A.2.85. OMRON Corporation and Data General Corporation License

A.2.86. X11 Legacy License (variant 1)

A.2.87. X11 Legacy License (variant 2)

A.2.88. X11 Legacy License (variant 3)

A.2.89. X11 Legacy License (variant 4)

A.2.90. X11 Legacy License (variant 5)

A.2.91. X11 Legacy License (variant 6)

A.2.92. X11 Legacy License (variant 7)

A.2.93. X11 Legacy License (variant 8)

A.2.94. X11 Legacy License (variant 9)

A.2.95. X11 Legacy License (variant 10)

A.2.96. X11 Legacy License (variant 11)

A.2.97. X11 Legacy License (variant 12)

A.2.98. X11 Legacy License (variant 13)

A.2.99. X11 Legacy License (variant 14)

A.2.100. Davor Matic License

A.2.101. Harold L Hunt II License

A.2.102. Thomas Roell License

A.2.103. Thomas Roell and David Wexelblat License

A.2.104. Thomas Roell and SGCS (Snitily Graphics Consulting Services) License

A.2.105. Alan Hourihane License

A.2.106. Kaleb S. Keithley License

A.2.107. Matthieu Herrb License

A.2.108. Egbert Eich License

A.2.109. David Wexelblat License

A.2.110. Orest Zborowski and David Wexelblat License

A.2.111. Orest Zborowski and David Dawes License

A.2.112. Frederic Lepied License

A.2.113. Rich Murphey and David Wexelblat License

A.2.114. Rich Murphey and David Dawes License

A.2.115. Anders Carlsson License

A.2.116. Eric Anholt License

A.2.117. Todd C. Miller License

A.2.118. Philip Blundell License

A.2.119. Marc Aurele La France License

A.2.120. J. Kean Johnston License

A.2.121. Jakub Jelinek License

A.2.122. UCHIYAMA Yasushi License

A.2.123. OpenedHand Ltd License

A.2.124. Oracle License

A.2.125. NVIDIA License for Glslang

A.2.126. The Khronos Group Inc. License for Glslang

A.2.127. The Khronos Group Inc. License for the EGL Registry Repository

A.2.128. The IBM Corporation License for the libtpms library

B. Oracle VM VirtualBox Privacy Information

Glossary

List of Figures

1.1. Windows Server 2016 Virtual Machine, Displayed on a macOS Host

1.2. VirtualBox Manager, Showing Welcome Screen After Initial Startup

1.3. VirtualBox Manager Window, After Creating Virtual Machines

1.4. VirtualBox Manager Details Pane, Including Toolbar

1.5. Global Tools Menu

1.6. Machine Tools Menu

1.7. Creating a Virtual Machine: Name and Operating System

1.8. Creating a Virtual Machine: Unattended Guest OS Installation

1.9. Creating a Virtual Machine: Hardware

1.10. Creating a New Virtual Machine: Virtual Hard Disk

1.11. Host Key Setting on the Virtual Machine Taskbar

1.12. Closing Down a Virtual Machine

1.13. Groups of Virtual Machines

1.14. Snapshots Tool, Showing Snapshot Properties

1.15. Snapshots List For a Virtual Machine

1.16. Clone Virtual Machine Wizard: New Machine Name and Path

1.17. Clone Virtual Machine Wizard: Clone Type

1.18. Clone Virtual Machine Wizard: Snapshots

1.19. Import Virtual Appliance Wizard: Appliance Settings

1.20. Upload Public Key Dialog in Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Console

1.21. The Cloud Profile Manager

1.22. Cloud VMs, Shown in VirtualBox Manager

1.23. OCI Group, Containing Cloud VMs

1.24. Create Cloud Virtual Machine Wizard

1.25. Add Cloud Virtual Machine Wizard

1.26. Export Virtual Appliance Wizard: Format Settings

1.27. Import Cloud Instance Wizard: Appliance Settings

1.28. Soft Keyboard in a Guest Virtual Machine

1.29. VM Activity Overview Tool

1.30. Session Information Dialog, Showing VM Activity Tab

1.31. Log Viewer Tool, Showing System Events

3.1. Storage Settings for a Virtual Machine

4.1. Drag and Drop Menu Options

4.2. Seamless Windows on a Host Desktop

4.3. Guest Control File Manager

5.1. The Virtual Media Manager, Showing Hard Disk Images

5.2. Create Virtual Hard Disk Wizard

5.3. Differencing Images, Shown in Virtual Media Manager

List of Tables

3.1. Guest Operating Systems With Full Support

3.2. Legacy Guest Operating Systems With Limited Support

6.1. Overview of Networking Modes

9.1. Host Key Customization

9.2. Web Service Configuration Parameters

9.3. Oracle VM VirtualBox Watchdog Configuration Parameters

9.4. PC Speaker Configuration Options

10.1. Configuration File Locations

A.1. Mesa Component Licenses

A.2. Python releases

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